Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar and is considered one of the holiest months for Muslims. It is observed worldwide by Muslims as a month of fasting (sawm), prayer, reflection, and community. The primary practice during Ramadan is fasting from dawn until sunset. This means abstaining from food, drink, smoking, and marital relations during daylight hours.
Fasting (Sawm):
Fasting is one of the Five Pillars of Islam and is obligatory for all adult Muslims, with exceptions for those who are ill, pregnant, nursing, traveling, menstruating, or facing other health challenges.
The pre-dawn meal before the fast begins is called Suhoor, and the meal to break the fast at sunset is called Iftar.
Spiritual Reflection:
Ramadan is a time for increased devotion, prayer, and reading of the Quran.
Muslims strive to strengthen their relationship with Allah (God) through acts of worship, self-discipline, and charity.
Night Prayers (Taraweeh):
Special nightly prayers called Taraweeh are held in mosques, where long portions of the Quran are recited.
Laylat al-Qadr (Night of Power):
This is considered the holiest night of the year, believed to be when the Quran was first revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). It falls during the last ten days of Ramadan, often on the 27th night.
Charity (Zakat and Sadaqah):
Muslims are encouraged to give to those in need during Ramadan. Many fulfill their annual Zakat (obligatory charity) during this month, and others give voluntary charity (Sadaqah).
Community and Family:
Ramadan fosters a sense of community as families and friends gather for Iftar and Taraweeh prayers. Many mosques also host community Iftars.
Eid al-Fitr:
Ramadan concludes with the celebration of Eid al-Fitr, a festive holiday marked by communal prayers, feasting, giving gifts, and acts of charity.
Significance:
Ramadan is a time for Muslims to purify their souls, practice self-discipline, and empathize with those less fortunate. It is also a period for seeking forgiveness, spiritual growth, and strengthening one's faith.
The exact dates of Ramadan vary each year because the Islamic calendar is based on the lunar cycle, so it shifts approximately 10-12 days earlier each year in the Gregorian calendar.
