Bilal ibn Rabah (RA) is one of the most revered figures in Islamic history, remembered for his unwavering faith, devotion, and role as the first muezzin (caller to prayer) in Islam. His story is one of struggle, resilience, and triumph over oppression, making him a symbol of equality and justice in the early Islamic community. Below is an account of his life:
Early Life
Bilal ibn Rabah was born in Mecca around the year 580 CE to Ethiopian parents. His father, Rabah, was a former slave, and his mother, Hamamah, was also a slave. Bilal himself was born into slavery under the ownership of a wealthy and influential man named Umayyah ibn Khalaf. Despite his servitude, Bilal was known for his integrity, intelligence, and strong moral character.
Conversion to Islam
When the message of Islam began to spread, Bilal was among the early converts. He was deeply moved by the monotheistic teachings of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and accepted Islam despite the significant risks it posed, as slaves were particularly vulnerable to persecution.
His conversion infuriated his master, Umayyah, who was staunchly opposed to Islam. Umayyah subjected Bilal to extreme torture in an attempt to force him to renounce his faith. Bilal was dragged through the streets, beaten, and left to suffer under the scorching sun with a heavy rock placed on his chest. Despite these brutalities, Bilal remained steadfast, repeatedly proclaiming, “Ahad, Ahad” (God is One). His perseverance became a source of inspiration for the early Muslim community.
Freedom
Bilal's plight caught the attention of Abu Bakr (RA), a close companion of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Abu Bakr purchased Bilal’s freedom from Umayyah, securing his release from slavery. Once freed, Bilal became a devoted follower of the Prophet and an active member of the growing Muslim community.
Role as the First Muezzin
Bilal’s melodious and powerful voice led the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) to choose him as the first muezzin, the caller to prayer. He called the adhan (Islamic call to prayer) from the rooftop of the Prophet's mosque in Medina, marking him as a key figure in the daily spiritual life of the Muslim community.
Key Contributions and Legacy
- Battle Participation: Bilal fought valiantly in many key battles, including Badr, Uhud, and Khandaq, demonstrating his courage and dedication to the cause of Islam.
- Equality and Brotherhood: Bilal’s life reflected the Islamic principles of equality and justice. As a freed slave who rose to a position of prominence, he embodied the Quranic teaching that piety and righteousness, not social status, determine a person's worth.
- Devotion to the Prophet: Bilal was deeply attached to the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). After the Prophet's passing, Bilal found it emotionally challenging to continue calling the adhan and eventually moved to Syria.
Death and Legacy
Bilal ibn Rabah passed away in 640 CE in Damascus. He is buried in the Bab al-Saghir cemetery. His life remains a powerful testament to the transformative and egalitarian teachings of Islam. Bilal is remembered not only as the first muezzin but also as a symbol of resistance against oppression, and his story continues to inspire Muslims worldwide.
